Impeoved machine foe cutting



C. VOGEL,

Cutting Files.

- No. 61,486. Patented Jan. 22, 1867.

f @uiten tats getarnt @fitta IMPROVED MACHINE FORy CUTTING PILES.

@tige dpmle remata iirilgea rtter ntcutrn mzrtng part uf llge time.

TO ALL WHOM I'lV MAY COITCERN:l

Be it known that 1,' CHARLES VOGEL, of the city, county, and State -of New York, have invented new and useful improvements in Machines for Cutting Files; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification. l

This invention relates to a new and improved machine for cutting tiles, and it eonsists- First, in an improved arrangement of mechanism for feeding the hlc-blank to the cutter, whereby the speed of -the le may be varied aocordingrto the size of tooth required.

Second, in an improved ile-bed so constructed that files of varying sizes can be secured thereon.

Third, in a novel manner of hanging the cutting tool, whereby it can be adjusted to suit the desired direction or angle of inclination'of tooth with reference to the length of the tile-blank.

Fourth, in so hanging o-r arranging the cutter that the force with which it strikes'the file-blank can be 'readily adjusted to the depth of cut required or desired.

Fifth, of a pressure-foot, arranged in such a munner'as to` bear upon the file-blank just in front of the cutter as it strikes the same, and thus hold the iile-blank rmly down and upon its bed; this prcssure-fdot being susceptible of adjustment at pleasure, according to the amount of pressure required, and also to adapt it to the work which it is required to perform, ,asy will be hereinafter described.

In accompanying plate of drawings, niy improvements in file-cutting machines are illustrated- Figure 1 being a plan or top View of the same. i

Figure 2, an elevation of one side of the same; and

Figure 3, a section in detaihtaken in the plane oi' the line z z, iig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

A, in the drawings, represents the bed-piece of the machine, supported in a. horizontal position, or nearly so, upon legs B B' at each end. This bed is grooved at O along its entire length from one end to the other, 'in which groove is arranged a slide or carriage, D, that by its tongue E fits or slides therein. The upper side -oi' the carriage D, in the direction of and for its'entire length, is provided with a semicircular-shaped groove, E, in transverse section, in which groove fits the circular or arc-shaped side F of a block, Gr, having the form of a segment in transverse section. This block corresponds in length to that of the carriage, and at each end is pivoted with a projecting -iiange or lip,` a, around/its arc or circular portion, which lips prevent the said block from moving laterally upon the carriage. On the uppcrside of the rolling block G the file-blank H, which is to be cut, is laid, with its tang I interlocked with the proper notch of the series of notches J, made in the circular plate or disk K hung upon one end of the block; the blank being confined on its sides or edges between a side rest, L, o n the upper side of the block, susceptible of adjustment by means of its slot b and set-screw 0,' 'and a swinging jaw, M, hung. upon a sleeve, e, or bushing, d, upon the under side of an eccentric,f, hung upon a pin, g, of the upper sideof the block G, which eccentric has a lever or handle, g2, for operating it, and thus bring the jaw to bear against the edge of the blank, binding it between the said jaw and the rest L upon the opposite side, or to release it therefrom, and thus leave the blank free to be removed from the block, when so desired, to replace it with a new one, or for any other reason. On one end of the block Gis secured, by means of a slot and set-screw, a half-screw nut, N, that projects beyond the side of the block, and is susceptible of being adjusted, so as to project more or less from the side of the block, by properly turning the lever rod j hung in guides or bearings k along the opposite side of the block, and at its end having the screw-nut connected with the extensiousarm K' of such nut, as plainly shown in fig. 1 of the drawings. Z, a p'awl or catch, hung to the side of the block G in proper position for being-interlocked with the lever-rod j, and holding it in whatever position it may be brought or adjusted. The object of the above arrangement of the half-screw nut upon the block is to throw it into or out of connection with the horizontal screw-threaded shaft O extending alongl one side of the bed-piece A, turning in suitablebearings P of the same, by means of which shaft, when revolved with the half nut iu connection with it, the feeding-of the block G carrying the le-blank is accomplished, for u purpose to be hereinafter stated. To one end oi' the screw-shaft O a bevel gear-wheel, ll, is secured, which inter-latins 'with a bevel gear-wheel Q seouied to a transverse horizontal shaft, R, hung and turning in bearings of one end of thebed-piece A. To' one end ot this shaft B. is secured a ratchet-wheel, S, with which engages a pawl, T, hung upon an angular rocker or bell-crank arm, Urturning or swinging upon the shaftv R in proper position therefor. To this bell-crank arin U a pitman rod, V, is hung at one e'nd,.nnd at its other end hung upon a slide-box, W', arranged in a dov e-tail groove, X, of the crank-arm Y, secured to one end of a horizontal transverse shaft, Z, turningr in' bearings of the parallel upright lframes A2 extending along the sides ofthe bedpicce A; the connection between the pitman rod V and the box W being such that thc said box can be secured at any desired distance from the centre of the shafrZ, within the limits of its crank-arm Y, in which it is arranged to slide, whereby the length of stroke of the pawl T is changed, consequently causing the shaft B., atv

eachstroke of the pawl, to revolve a greater or lesser distance, as thecase may be, and thus, through thcconnection of such shaft with the carriage carrying the tile-blank block, feeding the same along upon the bed-piece at a greater or lesser degree of speed forv a purpose 4to be herinafter stated. -On' the shaft Z, half way between the two side upright frames A2, is secured a tappet, B2, which, as the said shaft revolves, abuts against theen'd C2 of a beam or boom, D2, so hung across from one tothe other of the side frames A2 as to rocker swing in `,a vertical plane. The other end, E4, of the boom D2 is hung to and between the lower ends F2 of two parallel. vertical bars G2, that atthcir upper ends are hung to the lug H2 projecting to the rear of a stock, I2, squareshapcd in cross-section, arranged to move in a vertical plane through the guides or clasps JZ secured to the rear side of a horizontal shaft, K2, extending across the machine from one side frame A2 t0 the other, and arranged in a suitable manner, as will be presently explained,-to allow the vertical direction ofth'e said clasps or guides J2 to be more or less inclined, for a purpose to be hereinafter stated. The upper end of the stock I2 is weighted by a block, L2, which is secured thereon to be susceptible of detachment` at pleasure, and a heavier or lighter block or weight applied; and in the lower end of the stock-I2 is held the cutter'or tool M2 for cutting the i1e teeth, which cutter has the cutting edgedown, and is secured by a set-screw, m, in a holder, N2, whidh fits in a suitable-shaped socket in the end of the stoel; I2, and is there secured by a set-screw, n, the objectvoithis 'arrangement being to enable thek direction of the cutting edge `of the tool to be changed o'radjusted at any desired angle with reference to the length of the file-blank. Upon each vside of the boom D2, between its ful crum point and the end by which it is hung to the tool-stock as explained, a grooved pulley, o, is lixed,'on which rest vthe loose endsp of spiral springs OL coiled around the kfulcrum shaft O3 of the beam D2 with the other looseiends g of said springs, each'resting upon the grooved periphery 'of eccentric or cam-pulleys R2 secured, one at each end, to the transverse horizontal shaftz, arranged to turn in bearings of the side frames'Z. On

this shaft S2 is a toothed wheel, T3, with which is engaged a worm-gear, UZ at one end ofja horizontally inclined spindleor shaft, U?, hung in suitable bearings of one of the side frames A2, and extending along the. same to its end-having the tool stock arranged in it, at which it is provided with amilled head for convenience in turning it. To raise the-ends of the springs resting upon the beam pulleys o, a lifting-arm W2 is hung upon one of the side frames A2 in proper position for its pulley s to .come under one of the springs, and thus by turning it inthe proper direction lift the sprinfr from its bearing upon the beam, in which position it is held interlocki'ng the handle t of said lifting-*arm with the notch Uupon the outside of one of the side frames A2. To enable the shaft K2, having guides J2 for the stool stockIz, to be adjusted toY give -a more or lessi inclined vertical direction to the movement of the said stock, it is hung at each end in-or to the side frames A2, so as to be lturned or revolved,- thus, as is obvious, producing the desired inclination of' the tool stock; when, tightening the set-*screws A* inserted in the ends of the shaft K2 passing through circular slots ll4 (concentric with the centreof the shaft) of the side frame A2, the said shaft can be there secured.

In the operation of the machine, the following adjustments are made after it,rthe-ilebl'ank to be cut, has been laid upon the rolling-block Gr, and there secured in the mannerhereinbefore explained, viz: first, the edge off the cutter-tool is adjusted to'the desired direction or angle with reference to the length of the le-,blankrby turning its holder in the tool-stock, vin the proper direction therefor, and there securing it by the set-screwin; second, the vertical inclination of the movement' ofthe tool-stock 'is adjusted, as hereinbefore explained;v third, the force with which 'the cutter-tool is to be' impelled against the tile-blank is regulated to the depth of cut required by using the proper weighed block in the place of the block marked Lin the drawing, in Aconnection with the force imparted to the cutter-tool by the action of the coiled springs Oz O2; and fourth, the travel ofthe slide carrying the file-block is adjusted to the feed necessary to produce the-desired width or space betweenV the several cuts or teeth ,made in the file-blank by the cutter-tool, by properly ,setting the block W in the crankarm Y therefor; all of which liavin'g been completed, the shaft Z isthen turned in the direction indicatedby the arrow inV the drawings, th'us through the various parts or devices intervened between such shaft and the cuttertool stock and tile-carrying slide, alternately raisingthe said tool-stock and allowing it to drop, and also imparting an intermittent forward movement to the said file-carrying slide toward the plane of actionlof the cutter-tool, until the whole file-blank, having been thus subjected to the action of the cutter-tool, the cuttertool is then held suspended above the le-blank, as will be presently explained; when, disengagingth'e halfnut N from the screw-shaft O, the tile-carriage is free to be drawn back `to its original position by the weight P* connected therewithLthrough theicord Qi passing over a pulley, Bf, at one end of the bed-piece A, from which carriage the file-blank is then removed, and either replaced with its other side or face upward, or a new one inserted, as the case may be, when,\rec'onnecting the half-nut N with the screw-shaft O and relieving the tool-stock, the same'operations again occur, as before explained, and so on as long as may be desired. To hold thetocl-stock suspended, while the iile-bla11k is being removed from the machine, as above stated, or for any other reason, I have provided a spring-stop or catch, a4, which, being allowed to interlock with thc notch b4 of the arm cf secured to the beamshaft carrying the cutter-tool, acts as a stop erlimit to the 'downward movement.

of the tool-stock at such a point offthe same as to prevent the tool from coming in Contact with the {ilebl'ank, while at the same time not necessitating the stopping of themachine or the disconnecting it from the 3 met driving power used. In order to automatically throw the stop a? into connection with the notch b of the arm a1 attached to the tool-beam shaft, through the forward movement `of the tile-carriage, upon the bed-piece A, andy at the moment when the entire length of the leblank has been acted upon by the cutter-tool, or'at any desired point of the same, I have attached to one side of the carriage an `arm,f, susceptible of adjustment thereon in the direction of its length by means of a slot and set-screw, which arm j" by abutting against and swinging a lever-arm, g, hung to one of the side frames A2 in proper position therefor,through 'such arm4 g4, and the rod h4 connecting it with a spring-hook or catch, Z5, engaged with the notch m* ofthe said stop a, releases such cat-ch Z* therefrom, and thus leaves the stop free to be swung, by the action of its spring u, into position to interlock with the notch I;4 of the beam-shaft arm c4', hereinabove referred to,` as is obvious without any further explanation; the said stop a, when set free or disengaged from the said notched arm c, being so held by the catch Z. As the file-blank is made thinner 'at one end than at the other, it is of course necessary to regulate the force of the blow of the cutter-tool upon the {ile-blank according thereto, which result in my machine can be accomplished by either lifting one or both of the springs o2 from bearing upon the beam carrying the cutter-tool, trough the means hereinbefore explained, as provided therefor, and thus consequently decreasing the force of its blow to an extent equal to the force exerted by such spring, or by decreasing the tension of such springs, and thus the amount of force which they vexert upon the beam carrying the tool, by lturning the shaft SZ having the eecentrics or cams l5'.2 in th'e proper directions therefor, or by both means, the said shafts S2 having thc eccentric or cams R2 enabling the tension of the springs to be increased, `if so desired, by simply turning the lsaid shaft in the proper direction therefor. It is intended to make 'the tappet of the shaft, by which the cutter-'tool is raised or lifted from -the file-blank, of such a shape, that, just previous to the action of the feeding devices for the le-carriage, it will commence to raise the cutter-tool from the file-blank, and thus prevent injury to the one or-the'other. In order to hold the file-blank irmly down' upon the block G, to which it is secured, and close to the point of action of 'the cuttertool, upon the same, I have arranged a pressure-foot, A5', to bear upon the upper' side of the file-blank, as will be now explained. This foot, A5, is hung to the lower end of apshort, screw-threaded rod or shaft, B5, passing loosely through a hollow sleeve or'tube C5, secured by a set-screw, G5, to a collar or ring, D5, arranged upon an arm E5, attached by a connecting-arm, F5,to one of the side frames A2. H5 a pinion-wheel attached to one end of a spindle, I5, passing loosely through the arm E5, and provided with a lever-handle, J5, at the other or outer end, having a weight, K5, suspended from it. This pinion-wheel, H5, engages with the screw-shaft B5, to allow which the sleeve or tube (l-through which such shaft extends, is cut away upon one side. The upper ond of the screw-shaft B5 projects above the tube C5, and at such end is made square, with a plate, L5, tted over the same, that by means of a` set-screw, M5, passing through a circular slot, N5, in the plate, concentric with the centre of the said shaft, is secured to the holder or collar D5, for the said tube C5. From the above` described arrangement of the pressure-foot A5, it is plainly obvious that it is made to press upon and to always rmly holdthe le-blank downupon the rolling-block C, to which it is secured, through the action of the weight K5; that, by thecollar D5, and the'circular slotted plate L5, the pressure-footfmay be adjusted to.

bear in a direction more or less inclined vertically, and also so as to either extend straight across the leblank, or at an angle to the width of the same; and furthermore, by hanging the pressure-foot upon the screw-4 shaft it can be adjusted so as to have its edge, by which it bears upon the lc-blank, inclined in a direction across the width, wherebvthe action of the pressure-foot upon thc le-bla-nk can be made to correspond exactly to that of the cutter-tool, which, in case the cutting edge of the tool has been worn away at one end more than the other, is of much importance and advantage; this pressure-foot, according. as it is adjusted, affecting the rockinglblock G, having theile-blank, and tilting the same either to one or the other side.` l

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The sliding carriage D for the file-blank, arranged to move forward and backward upon the bed-piece A, orvits equivalent, when operated through a driving-shaft, Z, to which it is connected by a. shaft screw-nut N, screw-threaded shaft O, gears P2 and Q, shaft R, having ratchet-wheel S, with which engages a pawl, T, that is operated through a pitman-rod, V, hung to an adjustable box W of the crank-arm Y at one end of the shaft Z, substantially as andfor the purpose'described. l

2. The combination, with the {ile-bed or block, of the notched plate K, for receiving the tang of the file and side clutches or jaws L and M, each varranged and applied to the said block 'so as to be operated substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The springs O2, constructed and arranged as described, in combination with the lifting beam D2 and eccentric or cam-pulleys T2, substantially as and for` the purpose described.

4. The combination, with one or more of the springs O2, of thelifting-arm NVZ, arranged with regard to the same as and for the purpose specified;

5. The arm f4 attached to file carriage D, incombination with 4the lever g4, connection-rod 11,4, catch l", and m4 and notched arm e4 of the beam-shaft O, when all arranged and connected together so as to be operatedby the armf substantially as described, and for the purpose specified..

The above specication of my invention signed by me this 13th day of July, 1866.

. CHARLES VOGEL.

Witnesses: l

WM. F. McNAMAnA, ALBERT W. BROWN. 

